Peter Erasmus Christian Kaalund (August 19, 1844, Søllested – July 4, 1919, Frederiksberg; also spelled Kristian or Kålund) was a Danish philologist specialized on Scandinavian studies. He was the main librarian of the Arnamagnæanske håndskriftsamling, the collection of Icelandic manuscripts of Árni Magnússon. In 1907 Kaalund received the Order of the Dannebrog.